Name: LL-37 5mg
Brand: Nuvopeptide
SKU: ll-37-5mg
Price: 99 USD
Availability: OutOfStock

Question 1

What does "cathelicidin" mean and why is LL-37 unique?

Accepted Answer

Cathelicidins are a family of host defense peptides sharing a conserved N-terminal cathelin domain on their precursor proteins. The name derives from "cathepsin inhibitor-like" domain characteristics. LL-37 is unique because it is the only member of this peptide family encoded in the human genome — while most mammals have multiple cathelicidins, humans have evolved with just this single representative.

Question 2

How does LL-37 kill bacteria without harming human cells?

Accepted Answer

LL-37's membrane disruption mechanism exploits differences between bacterial and mammalian membranes: bacterial membranes are predominantly negatively charged (rich in phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin), while mammalian membranes are predominantly neutral. LL-37's positively charged helical structure is electrostatically attracted to bacterial membranes more than mammalian ones. At physiological concentrations, this charge selectivity provides a therapeutic window — though at high concentrations, LL-37 can be cytotoxic to mammalian cells as well.

Question 3

What conditions are associated with LL-37 deficiency in research models?

Accepted Answer

Research has linked reduced LL-37 expression to increased susceptibility to recurrent skin infections (particularly in atopic dermatitis patients) and impaired wound healing. LL-37-deficient mouse models show increased vulnerability to bacterial challenge at mucosal surfaces. Conversely, overexpression of LL-37 has been associated with inflammatory skin conditions like rosacea and psoriasis in research models, illustrating the importance of balanced cathelicidin regulation.

Question 4

Is LL-37 involved in any signaling roles beyond direct antimicrobial activity?

Accepted Answer

Yes — LL-37 is now understood as a multi-function immune mediator rather than purely an antimicrobial peptide. It acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils, monocytes, and T cells; modulates TLR signaling by neutralizing bacterial PAMPs; activates EGFR on keratinocytes; and stimulates angiogenesis via VEGF. These signaling roles make LL-37 a research model for understanding how host defense peptides integrate antimicrobial and tissue repair functions.

LL-37 5mg

For Research Use Only

Description

Research Summary

Storage & Handling

Storage Temperature

Reconstitution

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